As hematopoietic cell-specific expression of IL-37 is sufficient to protect mice from colitis [16] and recombinant IL-37 treatment reduces atherosclerosis development in mice [17], we investigated in the current study whether transgenic expression of human IL-37 in hematopoietic cells reduces atherosclerosis development characterized by a low-grade inflammatory state. This evidence concerns the gene IL37 and atherosclerosis.