SNRPD1 and systemic lupus erythematosus: We observed that compared to the single assay of anti-dsDNA, the combination of anti-Sm and anti-dsDNA did not improve the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for SLE, while the combination of anti-SmD1 and anti-dsDNA antibodies outperformed in terms of the sensitivity of anti-SmD1 or anti-dsDNA antibodies alone.