NQO1 and chronic kidney disease: The NQO1 gene expression was significantly higher in monocytes from patients with CKD 1–5 (Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.004 for NQO1/ACTB; p < 0.001 for NQO1/RPL41; and p < 0.001 for NQO1/TBP; Figures 1(a) and 1 (b)).