Comparison with our previous data on microdissected motoneurons (Perrin et al., 2005a) from the equivalent lumbar segment of B6SJL-Tg-SOD1G93A spinal cords substantiated the putative contribution of Brca1 in ALS, since both in microglia/macrophages and motoneurons pathway analysis pointed toward Brca1. The relevance of this finding was further enlightened by the finding that BRCA1 protein is specifically expressed in human spinal microglia and is up-regulated in ALS patients (Noristani et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.