TYR and albinism: There have been five enzymes identified as being required for human melanin pigmentation, namely tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TYRP1), P (OCA2), solute carrier family 45 member 2 (SLC45A2), and G-protein coupled receptor 143 (GPR143), and defects in any of these enzymes could result in albinism [7].