However, the use of SP combined with artesunate is a source of concern in many African countries where molecular studies have shown increasing prevalence of multiple mutations in dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) genes and where SP is employed for intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy and infancy and AQSP combination is employed for seasonal malaria chemoprevention [3]. The gene discussed is DHPS; the disease is malaria.