TREM1 and atherosclerosis: Although TREM-1 was initially characterized for its role during the pathophysiology of septic shock [3], there are today increasing evidences that it is also implicated in other acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of non-infectious etiology, such as rheumatoid arthritis [9], atherosclerosis [10], acute myocardial infarction [11] and critical limb ischemia [12].