HP and G6PD deficiency: In a nearby area, the prevalence of sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease in preschool children was 17.1% and 1.6%, respectively; genotypes indicating G6PD deficiency occurred in 8.2% of males and 6.8% of children overall, whilst the prevalence of haptoglobin 2–2 genotype was 20.4% [17, 18] A study in Gambian children aged 2–6 years, however, failed to find an association between haptoglobin genotype and ZPP [19].