GCG and Insulin resistance: Some of the commonly used antidiabetic drugs include biguanides, e.g., metformin (via acting directly to influence insulin resistance), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) activators, e.g., thiazolidindiones (via improving insulin resistance), vidagliptin and other related “gliptins” (via blocking DPP-4, an enzyme that degrades the incretin GLP-1) and α-glucosidase inhibitors, e.g. acarbose and miglitol (via delaying the digestion of complex carbohydrates).