PTGS2 and brain ischemia: Mounting evidence showed prolonged up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) after cerebral ischemia and the administration of COX-2 selective inhibitors has been shown to reduce brain damage and prostaglandin (PG) accumulation after cerebral ischemia (Candelario-Jalil et al., 2003; Leger et al., 2016), suggesting an important role of COX-2 in neuronal deterioration after the ischemia attack.