To identify the target genes of miR-138 in human NSCLC cells, two microarrays with total mRNA from H1299 cells (with a p53-null background) with or without overexpression of miR-138 were analyzed for differential gene expression profiling (GEO: GSE69482) (Fig. 1a). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.