HMGB1 and disease of the tendon: The purpose of this study was to investigate expression of three alarmins in human supraspinatus tendons that have been implicated in sustaining chronic inflammation in diseased musculoskeletal tissues: 1) S100A9 2) high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and 3) interleukin-33 (IL-33).18 Although there is a growing list of alarmins in the literature, these are the most thoroughly studied and implicated in other musculoskeletal diseases yet have not been investigated in tendinopathy.