Diabetes-induced activation of ER stress signaling transducers ATF6 and PERK, and their downstream targets, including phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α) and pro-apoptotic transcription factor CHOP were significantly attenuated by AS-IV treatment (Fig. 2D,E). The gene discussed is EIF2AK3; the disease is diabetes mellitus.