Abu El Asrar et al. (2014) hypothesized that increased expression of HMGB1 (high mobility group box-1) gene, a proinflammatory cytokine, is responsible for pathogenic role in mediating diabetes induced retinal neuropathy and observed that early retinal neuropathy of diabetes involves up-regulated expression of HMGB1 and can be mitigated by inhibition of HMGB162. Here, HMGB1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.