In the present study, the explanations for the elevated palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (C20:3n-6) levels in our subjects with high-grade liver steatosis probably resulted from the change of desaturase activity, including higher expression of SCD1(16) (C16:1n-7/C16:0), higher Δ6 activity (C20:3n-6 /C18: 2n-6), and lower Δ5 activity (C20:4n-6/C20: 3n-6), accelerating endogenous lipogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene SCD and fatty liver disease.