Of the polyphenol flavonoids, the flavonol quercetin [90], the most abundantly present in the studied diet, and its rutinoside conjugate, rutin [93,203], may likely be most relevant to ameliorating the T2D risk, given that they are potent antioxidants [188], attenuate fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia [204,205], and been shown to strongly inhibit IAPP-induced cytotoxicity. The gene discussed is IAPP; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.