We therefore combined palmitate with cytokines (IL-1β and IFN-γ), the levels of which also increase in obesity.44 The results show that this combination induces robust apoptosis of human β-cells, which was completely inhibited by TRPM2 inhibitors, PJ34 and ACA (N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid)28, 29 (Figures 8g and h). Here, IFNG is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.