NFE2L2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: On the other hand, HO-1, which also possesses anti-oxidative properties and is transcriptionally regulated by Nrf2 [172, 173], is suppressed during oxidative stress-induced EC injury [174], and inducing HO-1 in the mouse endothelium is favorable against T2DM-induced vascular injury, where HO-1 facilitates reendothelialization by increasing the number of EPCs through AMPK-mediated mechanism [175].