An anti-apoptotic role of HO-1, as well as its isoform HO-2, is found in glutamate-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in the cerebrovascular endothelium [176], where it plays a defensive role against disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neurological deficits in stroke via the Nrf2 signaling [177]. Here, HMOX1 is linked to stroke disorder.