In a study conducted by Chapman and colleagues [44], seven cancer-associated proteins (p53, c-myc, HER2, NY-ESO-1, CAGE, MUC1, and GBU4-5) were selected as markers of lung cancer with a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 92% in patients with stage I-II NSCLC, but the sample size with only 9 early-stage LC patients makes the evidence limited. This evidence concerns the gene MUC1 and laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.