Of note, hypoxia has been shown to be a profibrotic stimulus that contributes to the development of fibrosis and angiogenesis through an HIF-mediated pathway (6, 22), we also have demonstrated that HIF-1α was increased in fibrotic livers induced by BDL (Figure 4; Figure S1 in Supplementary Material); however, PlGF-specific siRNA inhibited the expression of HIF-1α in fibrotic livers, thus contributing to the decreased liver fibrosis and angiogenesis. Here, PGF is linked to Hepatic fibrosis.