These results suggested that in addition to RNP activity, other factors were also associated with the pathogenicity of influenza A, such as viral entry, trafficking to the cell surface, viral assembly and host immune response (Neumann and Kawaoka, 2006; Keleta et al., 2008; Shapira et al., 2009; Bottcher-Friebertshauser et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene RNPC3 and influenza.