ADIPOQ and metabolic syndrome: Epidemiologic studies, thus far performed mainly in patients with metabolic syndrome, have established the notion that serum adiponectin is negatively and independently associated with predictors for CVD risks and CVD events, by using various clinically useful markers for CVD risk, such as carotid intima-media thickness12, endothelial dysfunction of the coronary arteries, acute coronary syndrome, and multi-vessel coronary atherosclerosis13.