MAPK8 and infection: Early (4 hs) in infection, the STRING analysis revealed that both S. Typhimurium and S. Typhi stimulated transcriptional responses associated with the transcription factor NF-κB, as well as those associated with AP1, which is linked to the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Erk, Jnk, and p38 signaling (Fig 2) [25–27].