Our recent studies indicate that inhibition of the polyol pathway enzyme aldose reductase (AR) prevents cytokine- and hyperglycemia-induced increase in inflammatory markers in macrophages, vascular cells, and diabetic mice [3, 4] by preventing the activation of NF-κB- and AP1-induced proinflammatory signals [3, 5]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is Hyperglycemia.