TSPAN8 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In the age-matched T2DM and control Kazakh cohorts, logistic regression analysis after adjustments for age and gender revealed four SNPs within four distinct loci that were significantly associated with T2DM as follows: rs9939609 (FTO), OR = 1.52, CI [1.03–2.26], P = 0.04; rs13266634(SLC30A8), OR = 0.68, CI [0.49–0.93], P = 0.02; rs7961581(TSPAN8/LGR5), OR = 1.54, CI [1.05–2.27], P = 0.03; rs1799883(FABP2), OR = 1.51, CI [1.06–2.13], P = 0.02) (Table 4).