Numerous studies have demonstrated that multiple pluripotency-associated factors, such as Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 (Kruppel-like factor 4), and c-Myc, can reprogram mouse fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells and promote cancer progression.33, 34 Despite a cohort of studies on the pluripotency-associated factor regulation of CSC population maintenance, the regulatory mechanisms differ. Here, POU5F1 is linked to cancer.