A phase 2 study (NCT02794883), looking at combination therapy with durvalumab and tremelimumab in recurrent malignant glioma, will provide an interesting parallel to CHECKMATE 143 by targeting PD-L1 and CTLA-4 instead of PD-1 and CTLA-4 (42). This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and malignant glioma.