BRAF and cancer: The most recurrent melanoma nucleotide substitution has been shown to include BRAF (chr7, 140,453,136A>T V600E), NRAS (chr1, 115, 256, 529T>C Q61R) and TERT core promoter mutations (C228T and C250T),44 but the precise mechanism behind the TERT activation in cancers remains largely unknown and need to be studied in the future.