ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For the treatment of patients with ALK-positive unresectable, recurrent/advanced NSCLC, a small-molecule ALK inhibitor, alectinib (chemically identified as 9-ethyl-6,6-dimethyl-8-(4-morpholino-1-piperidyl)-11-oxo-5H-benzo[b]carbazole-3-carbonitrile, Alecensa®) [6, 7], was approved by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan in July, 2014.