GSTM1 and Parkinson disease: Alpha-syn aggregates and Lewy body formations are pathological hallmarks of PD.1 Alpha-syn can impair mitochondria, enhance oxidative stress, and disrupt iron homeostasis.38 The α-syn protein has also been assigned ferrireductase properties, indicating a significant role in iron homeostasis.39 In ageing brains, neuronal Hb levels and mitochondrial function are greatly reduced in neurons that accumulate α-syn.