These worm models of PD express either human mutant α-syn with the A53T mutation (Pdat-1:: α-syn(A53T), which will be referred to as α-syn(A53T))20 or human mutant LRRK2 with the G2019S mutation (Pdat-1::LRRK2(G2019S),Pdat-1::GFP, which will be referred to as LRRK2(G2019S))21 exclusively in dopamine neurons under the dat-1 promoter. The gene discussed is SLC6A3; the disease is Parkinson disease.