Some of the TFs that were downregulated in NLPs, including Esx1 (Asanoma et al., 2015), Bhlhe41 (Cui et al., 2016), and Dmrt1 (Krentz et al., 2009; Zou et al., 2016), have been reported to play critical roles in negatively regulating cancer cell and stem cell growth in other tissues. This evidence concerns the gene ESX1 and cancer.