We observed minimal induction of some HSPs (Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp110), however, active HSF1 led to a more pronounced ~1.7–2.0 fold induction of Hsp27 and Hsp40 (Fig. 8a, b, Supplementary Fig. 12), two critical chaperones that are genetically linked to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and primary motor neuropathy, respectively59, 60. The gene discussed is HSPB1; the disease is limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.