These results are in agreement with recent findings showing that infiltrating macrophages reduced the primary breast tumor drug response, and that R428 enhanced the efficacy of anti-mitotic drugs in mesenchymal-like lung and breast cancer cells.37,41 Noteworthy, AXL inhibition also affected the activation of other oncogenic pathways, providing the evidence of cross-talk signaling between different pathways and the activation of compensatory feedback networks. The gene discussed is AXL; the disease is breast neoplasm.