Factors that significantly predicted PD-L1 expression in cancer cells in the multivariable model included the presence of a lymphocytic infiltration (OR 3.3; 95% CI 1.1–10.4), and ≥ 1% AR expression (OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.4–7.5) whereas the presence of lymphovascular invasion significantly decreased the odds that the cancer cells would express PD-L1 (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.18–0.92: Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene AR and cancer.