INS and Insulin resistance: In conclusion, we show that daily treatment for 4 weeks with E. hallii L2–7 has no adverse effects and exerts beneficial effects on metabolism, potentially via alterations in butyrate formation and bile acid and metabolism.25,26 Our data thus underscore the therapeutic potential of replenishing missing intestinal bacterial strains for the treatment of human insulin resistance.27 Further research to confirm optimal dose and long-term effects of E. hallii on human insulin sensitivity and bile acid metabolism is urgently awaited.