Studies on the Chinese (Kong et al., 2016), African–American (Lewis et al., 2008), Japanese (Omori et al., 2008) and several European populations (Grarup et al., 2007; Cauchi et al., 2008; Van Hoek et al., 2008) have confirmed that polymorphisms at the CDKN2A/2B locus are associated with T2DM development. The gene discussed is CDKN2A; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.