E2F1 protein levels were elevated in seven NSCLC cell lines as compared with EBAS-2B (Fig. 5a), together with our findings that E2F1 upregulation increased vimentin and fibronectin while inhibited E-cadherin and β-catenin expression (Fig. 5b), supporting the view that E2F1 enhances EMT process through promoting expression of mesenchymal markers. This evidence concerns the gene VIM and non-small cell lung carcinoma.