We did not find statistically significant differences between non-survivor and survivor severe septic patients on sex, COPD, chronic renal failure, ischemic heart disease, PaO2/FIO2 ratio, leukocytes, bilirubin, bloodstream infection, site of infection, microorganism responsible of the infection, and serum levels of TNF-α. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.