Clonal expansion of NK cells is also observed early after Chikungunya (24) and Hantavirus (25) infections; and we have previously reported expansion of adaptive-like FcRγ− NK cells in HIV infection (3); however, it remains unclear whether pre-existing CMV infection is a prerequisite for the observed expansion of specific NK cell populations in these settings. The gene discussed is FCER1G; the disease is HIV infectious disease.