On the other hand, in HCC, once accumulation of β-catenin occurs as a result of somatic mutations within the APC or β-catenin gene, not only genes involved in cell proliferation, such as c-Myc and cyclin D1, but also the Irs1 genes are upregulated, which activates insulin signaling including Akt phosphorylation, and further stimulates proliferation of HCC. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.