PKM and neoplasm: We observed lower tumor expression levels of GLUT1, HK2, G6pdx and PKM2, and higher expression levels of Atp5b gene in the DEN-treated LIrs1KO mice as compared to the DEN-treated control mice, suggesting that the Warburg effect was suppressed in the tumors from the DEN-treated LIrs1KO mice (Fig. 6E).