Recent analysis of the melanoma genome has shown that these metastatic tumours can be subdivided into four subtypes, based on their mutation profile: BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene)-driven (~52%), NRAS (N-Rat sarcoma)-driven (~28%), NF1 mutated (14%) and the rest being classified “triple wild-type” [7,8]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.