LEP and Anxiety: At adulthood, after feeding the offspring high fat diet for 4 weeks, we focused on plasma changes in leptin and adiponectin and hypothalamic expression of their receptors LepR, AdipoR1, and AdipoR2. Moreover, we evaluated the gene expression of total and long 3′UTR Bdnf mRNA in both ventral hippocampus and hypothalamus as this neurotrophic factor is involved in both energy metabolism and neural plasticity underlying anxiety-like behavior (Cirulli and Alleva, 2009; Tamashiro and Moran, 2010; Paternain et al., 2013; Mou et al., 2015).