We determined a decreased secretion of IL-6, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXCL3, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and RANTES, as well as an increased production of IL-1α, IL-1β, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3), CCL4, CCL11, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and TNFα in INFγ-stimulated TRIM21-deficient cells after infection with type II Toxoplasma (Fig. 4e, Supplementary Fig. S7). Here, LIF is linked to infection.