The confocal microscopic examination showed that most of the intracellular leptospires in the L. interrogans-infected Ms-macrophages were co-localized with LAMP-1, a lysosomal marker [33], but approximately half of the intracellular leptospires in the infected Hu-macrophages and a few of the intracellular leptospires in the infected Hu- or Ms-neutrophils co-localized with LAMP-1 during a 24-h infection (Fig 2F and 2G). The gene discussed is LAMP1; the disease is infection.