NOS2 and infection: In a variety of pathological conditions of CNS, such as brain trauma [11], cerebral ischemia [12], infection [13], and degenerative diseases [14], microglia can rapidly participate in the pathophysiology of brain damage via its activation, proliferation, migration, phagocytosis, and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO), and a number of proinflammatory cytokines [15].