SCARB2 and encephalomyelitis: The absence of such reports may be because most existing animal models, such as monkey and mouse models, including the AG129 mouse (interferon type 1 and 2 receptor knock-out) and human scavenger receptor class B member 2 (SCARB2) transgenic mouse models, cannot be consistently orally infected.22, 23, 24, 25, 26 We have recently reported the successful development and characterization of a hamster model for EV-A71 HFMD and encephalomyelitis that allows for consistent orally infection.