AR and benign prostatic hyperplasia: In the present study, we used the co-culture system of human macrophages and various prostatic zone stromal cells in vitro to further study macrophage-mediated proliferation of prostate transitional zone and peripheral zone stromal cells, as well as to verify the differential roles played by the AR signaling pathway in the above process, in order to investigate the pathogenesis of BPH and inflammation-related BPH.