AR and benign prostatic hyperplasia: Although we demonstrated an important mechanism of action in the development of BPH, i.e., an inflammatory signaling pathway that may cooperate with the AR signaling pathway to promote the proliferation of prostate stromal cells, and showed a stromal AR→CCL3→ stromal cell expansion signaling pathway in the interpretation of stromal expansion with a potential link between AR and CCL3 in prostatic stroma in an animal model of BPH, our previous study was limited by the fact that there is no other extant study that describes the unique structural characteristics of the human prostate.