Phospho-AKT level was markedly reduced in agonist-pretreated infected RAW 264.7 macrophages (51.2% reduction over infected control, P<0.001) whereas it was significantly increased in macrophages pretreated either with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-1L1 antibodies (3.2- and 4.3-fold, respectively, over agonist-treated infected cells, P<0.001, respectively, Figure 3f) thereby suggesting the reciprocal relationship between AKT and PD-1 signaling during infection. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and infection.