In particular, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) regulating the Jak/STAT pathway are also associated with atherosclerosis since certain SNPs in PTPN1, the coding gene for PTP1B, correlate with protective effects on coronary arterial disease in a Han Chinese population [32], whereas others are associated with an increase in calcification of coronary arteries in Caucasians [33]. This evidence concerns the gene PTPN1 and atherosclerosis.